Types of hearing loss include congenital absence of ear canal or failure of the
ear canal to be open at birth, congenital absence, malformation, or dysfunction
of the middle ear structures, all of which may possibly be surgically
corrected. If these are not amenable to successful surgical correction, then
the hearing alternatively may be improved with amplification with a bone
conduction hearing aid, or a surgically implanted, osseointegrated device (for
example, the Baha or Ponto System), or a conventional hearing aid, depending on
the status of the hearing nerve. Other causes of hearing loss are: infection; tumors; middle ear fluid
from infection or Eustachian tube dysfunction; foreign body; and trauma (as in
a skull fracture). Acute infections are usually treated with antibiotic or antifungal
medications. Chronic ear infections, chronic middle fluid, and tumors usually
require surgery. If there is no response to initial medical therapy, infectious
middle ear fluid is usually treated with antibiotics -- while chronic
non-infectious middle ear fluid is treated with surgery (or pressure equalizing
tubes). hearing
loss from
head trauma is frequently amenable to surgical repair of the damaged middle ear
structures, performed after the patient’s general medical status is stabilized
following acute traumatic injuries.
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